Morocco — Chefchaouen — The Blue Pearl
The city, sitting at the base of the Ras Mountains, was founded as a fortress against the Portuguese in 1471. Shortly after, it received an influx of Jews and Moors expelled from Spain as a result of the Decree of Andalus at the climax of the Reconquista. Some attribute the blues of the city to the Jews who associated the color with heaven. Some say it was a protection against mosquitos.